Bohr atomic model worksheet3/9/2024 ![]() The average molecular mass of a chloroform molecule is therefore equal to the sum of the average atomic masses of these atoms. The molecular formula of chloroform indicates that a single molecule contains one carbon atom, one hydrogen atom, and three chlorine atoms. Consider chloroform (CHCl 3), a covalent compound once used as a surgical anesthetic and now primarily used in the production of tetrafluoroethylene, the building block for the "anti-stick" polymer, Teflon. Formula Mass for Covalent Substancesįor covalent substances, the formula represents the numbers and types of atoms composing a single molecule of the substance therefore, the formula mass may be correctly referred to as a molecular mass. These ideas can be extended to calculate the formula mass of a substance by summing the average atomic masses of all the atoms represented in the substance’s formula. Formula MassĪn earlier chapter of this text described the development of the atomic mass unit, the concept of average atomic masses, and the use of chemical formulas to represent the elemental makeup of substances. Understanding the relationship between the masses of atoms and the chemical formulas of compounds allows us to quantitatively describe the composition of substances. For example, Dalton’s atomic theory was an attempt to explain the results of measurements that allowed him to calculate the relative masses of elements combined in various compounds. Many argue that modern chemical science began when scientists started exploring the quantitative as well as the qualitative aspects of chemistry. Explain the relation between mass, moles, and numbers of atoms or molecules, and perform calculations deriving these quantities from one another.Define the amount unit mole and the related quantity Avogadro’s number.Calculate formula masses for covalent and ionic compounds.ISBN: 9780754631774.By the end of this section, you will be able to: Discovering Water: James Watt, Henry Cavendish and the Nineteenth Century Water Controversy. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1964.įrayn, M. The Fly in the Cathedral: How a Small Group of Cambridge Scientists Won the Race to Split the Atom. “ On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules.” Philosophical Magazine Series 6 26 (July 1913): 1-15.Ĭathcart, B. On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules. Niels Bohr: His Life and Work as Seen by His Friends and Colleagues. Suspended in Language: Niels Bohr’s Life, Discoveries, and the Century He Shaped. 6.1, “Waves and Electromagnetic Energy.” Electrons change orbits by radiating or absorbing photons.Electrons in stable orbits do not radiate.Orbital angular momentum is quantized hence only certain orbits are possible. ![]() Electrons follow circular orbits around a nucleus.Explanation of blackbody radiation and atomic spectra.Majority of the mass is found in the nucleus.Conclusions from the gold foil experiment.Electrons are distributed uniformly throughout the atom. ![]() He defines the different isotopes of hydrogen. He details Bohr’s postulates for the hydrogen atom and discusses how the Planck-Einstein relationship applies to electron transitions. Sadoway talks about the principles of modern chemistry and how that led to the understanding of the structure of the atom. Periodic Table and Table of Constants Lecture Summary Line spectra the Bohr model uses of emission and absorption spectra 6.3, “Atomic Spectra and Models of the Atom.” ![]() 6.2, “The Quantization of Energy.”īlackbody radiation the photoelectric effect The electron radioactivity the atomic model
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